Albanian origin has provoked vivid discussions. By referring to excavations during the Second World War, Albanian historians claim that they are descendents of Elyrs. This Indo - European people was, at least since the II millenium B. C., autochthonous in Dalmatia. Structured into about thirty tribes, it was an agricultural civilization [1, p. 3]. Who did become Elyrs? They were mentioned for the last time in the VII century in Byzantium chronicles, which started to refer to "Arbanties" and their country "Arbanon" at the XI century by describing that they lived at the south of the former Byzantium territory. In view of this gap of four centuries, is it the same people? There is a controversial problem of the thesis of the Thrace origin opposing to that of the autochthonity supported by Albanian historians and many Balkanologists pursuing J. G. Hahn (1854) - the founder of the Albanology. The second thesis is based on diggings related to the "culture of Koman" (a village near Shkodra), which show a continuity of the people during the period of the beginning of the Medieval Age [1, pp. 4-5]. If the second thesis were correct then it would mean only that the Albanian ancestors were a tribe of Elyrs who lived at the part of the Adriatic coast belonging today to Albania.
Constantine Porfirogenit, the Tsar of Byzantium, wrote (in the tenth century) a study about peoples and tribes in his empire without mentioning Albanians. Historians observed them for the first time at the beginning of the 11th century, which they immediately notified. Many secular Albanologists assume that the cradle of the Balkan Albanians is contemporary Azerbeidzan, ancient Kavakaz Albania (see the Great Soviet Encyclopedia). Azerbeidzan scientist R. B. Gejusev published in Bakuu a studious study in 1984, in which he wrote that Kavkaz Albanians were among the first to accept Christianity and, after losing their state under the Arabic invasion, they were exposed to a mass islamisation. A part of them joined Arabic troops and moved with them to Byzantium in the 10th century. That is how and when they arrived at Balkan, by concentrating themselves, mainly in the South of Italy and in Mountains of the contemporary Albania [2]. Even if such studies were not correct, nobody could claim that Albanian's ancestors were autochthonous people lived in ancient Elyria. There has not been any proof for such Albanian origin. Sinan pasha mosque in Prizren (a town in Kosovo), the Albanian proud, was built on ruins of the ancient Serbian monastery of Saint Arhangel destroyed by Sinan pasha at the end of the 16th century [2].
All the toponyms in Kosovo and Metohija have Serbian names and there does not exist any cultural monument or a spiritual signature belonging to Albanians [2]. Kosovo itself is Serbian name (read more...).
Serbs were well settled in Kosovo and Metohija in the eighth century and established their independent state and Church in the twelfth century. Kosovo is the cradle of Serbian culture, Serbian Orthodox Christian religion, Serbian statehood, Serbian mining, Serbian patriotism and liberty, and Serbian national memory. Serbs built about 1500 churches and monasteries in Kosovo and Metohija in the Medieval Age. All Serbian soldiers including their chief commander were fighting against several times more numerous Turkish army until the last of them sacrificed his life to the defense of the native people and Fatherland in Kosovo 1389. Since then, Serbian women mourned the loss of liberty by wearing black kerchiefs until 1912 when Serbian army liberated Kosovo and Metohija [2].
Truth in brief on migration, atrocities and genocide in Kosovo
It is TRUE that since the first ethnic cleansing of the Serbs on the part of the Albanians (in the area between Djakovica and Skadar, 1574) and the burning of the remains of the famous Saint Sava Nemanjitch (who was the founder of Serbian Orthodoxy and died in the twelfth century), in Belgrade, 1594 (by the order of Sinan-pasha, one of the Turkish viziers having come from the village of Sajinovac and Opoljane and being of the Albanian descent) only the Serbs were forced to leave Kosovo and Metohija until the NATO aggression [4]. Constant migrations of Serbs from Kosovo and Metohija, were not caused by economic reasons, either 300 years ago or now. They were a result of planned and constant ethnic violence on the part of Albanian newcomers, with the aim of illegal taking of the territories and violent acquisition of property [3]. There was established a law on giving the collective rights to the citizenship of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia to all those who were on the territory of Kosovo and Metohija in 1945. At the time this law legalized the forcibly acquired residence of tens of thousands Albanian citizens - members of the occupying military units and occupying army [3].
Tito's Government forbade (1945) to about two hundred thousand Serbs, who were expelled from their properties in Kosovo and Metohija under the occupation of fascistic Great Albania during the Second World War, to return to their ancient family heritage (Appendix 1). Afterwards the frontier to Albania became open to Albanian immigrants.
"Million inhabitants, to whom another five hundred thousands should be added who live at the other side of the frontier with Yugoslavia and Greece, were not sincerely for an association with Italy in 1939" [5, p. 178]. The Porte - parole of Swiss Albanians confirmed this number at the radio Lausanne, morning, April 4, 1998. He then explained also that Albanians were immigrating to Kosovo in order to escape the Stalinist dictatorship of Henver Hodja. It is TRUE that Serbia and Yugoslavia granted hospitality to hundreds of thousands of Albanian immigrants in fifties [4].
More than three hundred thousands of Serbs forcefully
fled their homes [2].
Tito announced a new Federal Constitution giving total
Autonomy to, then already Albanian dominated, Kosovo and Metohija with
the veto power in the Parliament of Serbia (1974).
Although the autonomy of Kosovo and Metohija was not,
strictly speaking, granted in Jajce on 29th November, 1943, it is a continuation
and a result of the logic of the Communist International [3].
In spite being economically exhausted, Serbia was obliged
to invest permanently into Kosovo and Metohija in order to increase the
standard in this region [2].
It is TRUE that the Albanians had their economic prosperity
in Yugoslavia, first in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (the rich Trepcha mine
did not start the modern production before 1932) and then in Tito's Yugoslavia
- unlike their compatriots in Albania until the very present [4].
It is also true that the Albanians had never taken the side of the European progress in their history, or the global humanism, as they did not take the side of the anti-totalitarian allies in the world conflicts. They did crimes in peace and wars, they served as fanatic and bestial executioners of the Turkish backward feudalism, Vatican hegemonism, Austria-Hungarian imperialism, German National-Socialism, Italian fascism, totalitarian Stalinism and today multi-corporate fundamentalism [4].
Albanian Ferat Mujo (immigrant from Albania) killed Danilo Milincic whose father Slavoljub had been killed ten years ago, and his grandfather Marko in 1944…Albanians killed Miodrag Saric during their thirtieth attack on his home. His widow and their four children are only Serbs in the village that was completely Serbian in 1945… Albanian children poured gasoline over Dejan Antonovic 13 years old and set him up on fire in Pristine, June 9, 1983…. Albanian Ahmet Ljatif, Albanian policeman and member of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, was trying to rape the chief nun of the monastery Grachanica, August 28, 1988…. [2]. Albanians were threatening Serbian families to burn their houses and to kill them if they do not sell their properties and flee them.
Mothers of yet born babies complained officially against Albanian trials to sterilize Serbian babies in the Department of Gynecology/Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine of Pristine, the biggest town in Kosovo. The hospital director was Albanian female physician Dr Sehadet Mekuli, who was also responsible for the baby's treatment (the biggest newspaper "POLITIKA" in Serbia published information about the case, about 1981). This and the following information have been only available from Serbia in this current situation: she was the spouse of Albanian Academician Esad Mekuli. A court process has never started. Therefore, the case has never been officially examined, treated and clarified. Strong Albanian politicians who protected her were members of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, one of who was Fadil Hodja. This just illustrates how the political and juridical autonomy given by Tito to Albanians in Kosovo was functioning. These are only few illustrative examples of many Albanian atrocities against Serbs and how Albanians exploited the political and juridical autonomy of Kosovo.
It is TRUE that only since October 1998 (after the unconstitutional agreement Milosevic - Holbrooke) until the bombardment of Serbia and Montenegro started, the Albanians committed 500 terrorist attacks, doing atrocious murders or bestially torturing the hostages. Since the arrival of the OSCE Verification Mission (allegedly the conscience of Europe and the USA) the Albanian terrorists have ethnically cleansed more than 60 Serbian villages [4].
It is TRUE that the Government in Belgrade gave the Albanians the opportunity to implement legal anarchy in the southern part of the state of Serbia and suppressed the ghettoisation of the Serbs in Kosovo and Metohija, as well as the demolition of the exemplary Christian sacral monuments on the part of Albanians [4].
It is TRUE that the Serbs have not contributed to the humanitarian catastrophe in Kosovo (only in November 1998, 30.000 tons were given as relief), that they were not persecuting the Albanian population and that the Serbian army and the police were not killing Albanian children (in this case statistics is more precise than politics) [4].
It is also TRUE that a part of the international political administration helps the training of the fanaticized Albanian terrorists on the points around Ulm and Koeln, that foreign instructors are training special forces on the territory of Albania whence they send them to the territory of a sovereign country (Serbia and Yugoslavia). Undoubtedly, the plan of the take-over of Kosovo and Metohija from the domain of the political status of Serbia is used by that part of the Contact Group and the international community which is using the Serbophobia in the realization of their goal [4].
The biggest single act of "ethnic cleansing" was the forced removal of 600,000 Serbs from the Krajina region of the former Yugoslav Republic Croatia by the U.S.-trained and armed Croatian military in 1995. Most of them moved to Serbia. More than 55,000 of these Serbs, who were resettled in Kosovo, are among the hundreds of thousands of people made refugees by NATO bombing and the conflict in Kosovo. (Julia Taft, Asst. Secretary of State on C-SPAN, March 29, 1999).
Several tens of thousands of Albanians emigrated and more than three hundred thousand Serbs emigrated from Serbia during last eight years. The Serbs constituted a 61% majority in Kosovo in 1929. They had remained a majority all the way up to the Second World War, during which many Serbs were killed or driven from their homes by the Nazi allies - the Kosovo and Bosnian Muslims. After 1945, Tito's communist government passed a law prohibiting the Serb refugees from returning to their homes in Kosovo. Over the next five decades, hundreds of thousands of illegal immigrants poured in across a porous border. That is how the Albanians got to be a majority in Kosovo (check out the demographic charts and related stories at our Web site, by doing a search for appropriate keywords) [6].
Yet, World Almanacs show that in 1961 Kosovo had a total population of 963,565, of which only 642,000 were Albanian. By 1983, when Yugoslavia was still united, with a total population of 22,826,000 people, only 8% of the entire population was Albanian, a total of 1,826,080. Then four ethnic groups seceded, Croatia, Macedonia, Bosnia and Hercegovina, and Slovenia, leaving Yugoslavia with a population of less than 45% of the land, and 10,337,000 people. The 1993 World Almanac showed that Yugoslavia still had only 8% Albanian population, which would indicate that there were 826,960 Albanians in all of Yugoslavia [7].
There were no waves of refugees until the beginning of
the NATO bombing on March 24, 1999. The U.S.A. Government used similar
scripts of defending civilians and stopping massacres to justify massive
bombing campaigns in both the Vietnam and Iraq wars. It was the massive
bombing that created refugee crises. The London Sunday Times interviewed
refugees and found: "Nor was there much fodder for
NATO propagandists among the 200 or so refugees waiting
to register at a Skopje district police station early on Friday (March
26, 1999). Mirvei, a tall Albanian woman clutching her four-month-old baby,
looked bewildered when asked if Serbian troops had driven her out. "There
were no Serbs," she said. "We were frightened of the bombs." (International
Action Center, New York, 1999).
The exodus of innocent Albanian people, children and babies, which started on the third day of the NATO bombardment and which is going to be the largest in Europe after the Second World War, represents a deep human unhappiness. It is inhuman by NATO to use such a human unhappiness in order to justify the continuation of its aggression that did cause the exodus.
Truth in brief on the human rights in Serbia and Montenegro
It is TRUE that nobody has ever taken the Albanians their religious and cultural autonomy and civil rights, as well as it is true that the century-long attacks of the Albanian minority on the domiciled Serbs have increased since the arrival of the Verification Mission to Kosovo and Metohija [4]. It is also TRUE that Albanians had, like all other citizens, the state childcare, healthcare, 100% medical insurance, state employment, available state-owned departments, equal political rights, freedom to develop their culture, to use their language and to travel abroad [4]. The birth rate of Albanian people of Kosovo has been among the highest in the world.
Moreover, Albanians in Kosovo had schools and tuition-free universities in the Albanian language. Albanian separatists boycotted the government school system and health care system. To refuse to use what exists is very different from being denied these rights. (International Action Center, New York, 1999).
Truth on the right on the territory of Serbia and Montenegro
Serbian people inhabited Kosovo before the eighth century
and has lived there continuously. Albanians started moving to Kosovo couple
centuries later. Serbian people have been cultivating Kosovo. All the historic
monuments in Kosovo are Serbian.
Albanian people was with Osmanlies in order to gain power
in Kosovo against Serbian people in the Medieval Age. They were with Hitler
in order to join Kosovo to Albania against Serbian people in the Second
World War. They were in a great percentage members of the Communistic Party/League
of Communists of Yugoslavia.
Serbian people have been devoted to liberate Kosovo since Battle in Kosovo 1389
It is clear thin Kosovo and Metohija represent Serbian historical, cultural, national, economical, geographical land being an integral part of Serbia, which may not be separated from Serbia. It is clear that, after having the experience with the autonomy and this unjustified NATO aggression, Kosovo should rest an integral rather than an autonomous part of Serbia.
Plan for the Kosovo secession and the NATO accusation
There have been groups in Occidental countries, which
had planed the Kosovo secession before Mr. Slobodan Milosevic succeeded
to establish strongly his government and power in Serbia. Let it be
illustrated by the false claim thin Kosovo was a constituent
republic of S.F. R. Yugoslavia, which was published 1992 in [8, p.1222].
Such claims have been an international support to Albanian separatism in
Serbia.
You, Mr. Slobodan Milosevic completely ignored the result of the last (1998) referendum in Serbia and signed an agreement with Mr. Holbrooke, October 1998, against the Constitution of Serbia and against the national defense. An effect was that the Occidental statesmen then evaluated you well. Another effect was that Albanian terrorists enforced their actions against Serbian people and the militia in Kosovo, which forced you and the Government to give returned the legal and legitimate army units to Kosovo.
You, the Occidental statesmen and NATO exploited the legal and legitimate army return to Kosovo to represent it to your peoples as an action decreasing Albanian's freedom and rights in order to justify the beginning of the NATO bombardment. You did not appreciate the Constitutional right of the country and sovereignty of the state for the legal and legitimate defense against the KLA terrorism. This implicitly illustrates that the NATO has been interested in locating its troops in Kosovo.
Your, respectful Occidental statesmen, and NATO statement that its aggression has been aimed against Mr. Slobodan Milosevic is false. At this point, it should be made clear that any correct investigation on responsibilities for the tragedy in the S. F. R. Yugoslavia should start with all Yugoslav and non – Yugoslav politicians involved in the process of the country destruction. If it continues partially as it has been so far then it is tendentious, injustice and unacceptable.
The reason for the aggression against Serbia and Montenegro is the NATO plan to take Kosovo from Serbia in order to establish NATO military basis. You, respectful Occidental statesmen, and NATO know the history, which says that Albanians cooperated with Osmanlies and Hitler in order to get Kosovo, and that Serbs have been fighting to liberate Kosovo. Therefore, you have concluded that you should support Albanian separatism with which you have made an agreement to impose NATO control over Kosovo.
You, Mr. William Jefferson Clinton, the President of the United States of America, claimed that there are American national interests in Kosovo, which explicitly illustrates the preceding statement. It also shows that you give priority to American national interests in other countries (Serbia and Montenegro are not an exceptional case in this concern) over the domestic interests. The same attitude had many conquerors and invaders in the secular history. The Free World has never accepted such an attitude.
Other interesting pages:
Pre-1989
Albanian rule on Kosovo - The
history of Kosovo's conflict - The
problem of Kosovo
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